Founded by Alexander the Great, Alexandria was the capital of Egypt for nearly 1,000 years. It was home to two of the ancient world's greatest wonders: the Great Library and the Lighthouse of Alexandria. Julius Caesar set the library on fire, and earthquakes destroyed the lighthouse.
Fortunately, Alexandria was reborn in modern times as a vibrant metropolis and has become a popular tourist destination in Egypt. The remnants of its glorious past are still here. The lighthouse was replaced by a defensive fortress and a brand new Bibliotheca Alexandrina was built 22 years ago.
Whether you wish to explore Roman ruins and catacombs, visit some of the best museums in all of Egypt, or enjoy a stroll along a beautiful seafront promenade and swim in the Mediterranean Sea, there is so much to do and see in the so-called Bride of the Mediterranean.
This 3-day itinerary will help you plan your trip to Alexandria. Our guide to this vibrant city includes a list of the best things to do in Alexandria, as well as tips on where to stay. We’ve also put together a list of the best restaurants in the city and recommendations for day trips from Alexandria.
This stunning defensive fortress from the 15th century is a great introduction to Alex. You are standing in front of the Citadel of Qaitbay, an impressive structure built to protect the city from invasions. It was actually built right on the spot of the world-famous Lighthouse of Alexandria which was destroyed by several earthquakes many centuries ago. Nowadays, for a small fee, visitors can explore various areas of the well-preserved fortress including its towers, a small mosque, and a few rooms. You can also enjoy beautiful views of the Mediterranean Sea and the city center. It takes about 2 hours to explore the Qaitbay Fort.
Located right next to the citadel, the Alexandria Aquarium is a lovely place full of colorful fish. Here, you will find marine life from the Mediterranean Sea, as well as a collection of different fish from the Nile River and the Red Sea stored in small tanks. In addition to the aquarium, there is a museum dedicated to ancient marine artifacts and fossils. A statue of the mythical mermaid, a stuffed giant sea turtle, and a skeleton of an enormous whale are just a few of the extraordinary items on display.
Your next stop is one of the most important Islamic sites in Alexandria, the iconic Sidi Morsi Abu al-Abbas Mosque. Covered by a magnificent central dome and fitted with beautiful decorations and engravings, the mosque looks amazing. It is named after a Sufi saint called Abu Abbas El-Morsy whose tomb can be found inside the mosque. There is a separate entrance for men and women and you will need to take off your shoes when entering this holy site.
In the afternoon, visit a lovely monument with 4 circular marble columns dedicated to the unknown Egyptian naval heroes who lost their lives at sea. Located along the seafront promenade, the Alexandria Naval Unknown Soldier Memorial also boasts beautiful inscriptions and decorations. The monument looks truly magical at night because of its fabulous lights.
One of the world’s oldest Christian cathedrals, St. Mark's is a Coptic Orthodox church with wonderful architecture and beautiful icons and mosaics. The cathedral stands on the site of the church which was established by the author of the second Gospel, St. Mark. It is also home to the shrine of Saint Mark where his body is buried. Because of security measures, visitors have to pass a few checkpoints and leave their passports with a police officer at the entrance. No photos are allowed inside this majestic cathedral.
After 2 years of restoration, this fabulous museum dedicated to the Alexandrian-Greek poet Constantine Cavafy has finally reopened its doors to visitors in May 2024. Cavafy spent over 2 decades on the 2nd floor of this residential building in Alexandria. The museum houses a wonderful collection of Cavafy’s portraits, books, manuscripts, publications, and paintings, as well as poems displayed in his original handwriting. There are 6 rooms to explore and the entrance to the museum is free of charge.
Situated in one of the country’s oldest buildings, this newly renovated museum in Alexandria is all about the antiquities and civilization of Egypt during the Greek and Roman eras. Visitors will find more than 10,000 artifacts spread across multiple floors and 27 halls. Thousands of precious antiques range from sarcophagi, sculptures of different Roman emperors, and Cleopatra to Coptic art, glassware, funerary masks, and metal coins. It is one of the best museums in all of Egypt and you could easily spend 2 to 3 hours here.
Wish to know more about Alexandria's ancient inhabitants? Visit the Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa, an underground necropolis filled with tombs, statues, and other archaeological objects. An easy Uber ride from downtown Alexandria, this labyrinth of underground passages was discovered by accident when a donkey fell into a well back in the 1900s. There is a map right outside the site which explains everything about these 1st and 2nd century burial chambers. Enter the site via a circular staircase and you will have an opportunity to see everything from the bones of horses and tombs to many figures carved on the walls.
If you are a fan of archaeological sites, you will want to visit the iconic Serapeum of Alexandria. Once an enormous temple built in the third century BCE for the Greco-Egyptian god Serapis, this archaeological treasure in Alexandria is a lovely area to explore. Although there is nothing left of the temple, a massive 27-metre-high pillar dedicated to the Roman emperor Diocletian proudly stands in the middle in the middle of the ruins. There are also a few other exhibits here, but most of them are currently under reconstruction.
Your last stop in the morning is one of the most important mosques in the city’s Karmouz area. The El Emary Mosque may not look as impressive as the Sidi Morsi Abu al-Abbas Mosque, but it’s a very popular house of worship for funeral prayer rituals due to its proximity to the Pillar Cemetery.
These majestic Roman ruins were actually discovered by accident back in 1959 when the local workers began removing piles of rubble and sand to build new homes. An archaeological mission started in the 1960s and uncovered an ancient Roman theater. Nowadays, you can see well-maintained structures such as Roman baths and villas decorated with mosaics.
An underrated museum located in the heart of the Moharram Bey District of Alexandria, the Museum of Fine Arts boasts a few art galleries, an exquisite art library, and a cultural center used for concerts workshops, and training courses. Step inside the art galleries to find a collection of sculptures and paintings by Egyptian artists. The most famous works of art at the museum include “The Capture of Louis IX” by Kamel Mostafa and Mahmoud Saeed’s The Carrier of Tools”. The museum also houses works by German, French, and Italian painters such as Artorobicchi, Sebasti, and Manganares.
Situated inside a restored Italian-style palace, the Alexandria National Museum is a relatively small museum spread across three floors. The underground floor is dedicated to Pharaonic history including an ancient tomb section, the first floor is all about the Greek and Roman history of the city, while the upper floor focuses on Coptic and Islamic periods. There are nearly 1,800 objects ranging from wonderful statues and pharaonic mummies to stunning mosaics and weapons. It takes about an hour or two to explore the museum.
The city of Alexandria was once home one of the oldest libraries in the world, the Library of Alexandria. Also known as the New Library of Alexandria, Bibliotheca Alexandrina was built in 2002 to restore the former glory. Designed by Norwegian architecture firm Snøhetta, the 11-story building made of grey Aswan granite, glass, and cement looks absolutely stunning with its semi-circular dome. The new library is located on the seashore avenue of Alexandria and houses nearly 2 million books. Don’t miss the main reading room which can accommodate up to 2,000 people. Much more than a library, Bibliotheca Alexandrina is also an art gallery, a museum, a planetarium, and a cultural center that hosts numerous annual events including the famous Alexandria International Book Fair.
For a cup of coffee/tea and to enjoy nice views of the Mediterranean Sea, stop by this cute seafront café in Alexandria. El Selsela Café has a cozy outdoor terrace with plenty of tables just a few steps from the sea. It is also a place where you can get your breakfast fix, enjoy shisha, or unwind with a cocktail or two.
Alexandria has one of the best pedestrian promenades in all of Egypt. Lined with boutiques, cafes, restaurants, and palm trees, Alexandria Corniche is a perfect place for a leisurely stroll. The views of the Mediterranean Sea are absolutely stunning, especially late in the afternoon just before the sun sets over the sea. There are also a few cool monuments and statues worth checking out.
There was this Egyptian judge called Mahmoud Said. After retiring from his duties, Mahmoud decided to share his love for art with the rest of the country and became an amazing painter. Situated inside a beautiful Italian-style villa in which he once lived, the Mahmoud Said Museum houses about 40 of his paintings. There are three sections to explore which include everything from female nudes and cartoon-like paintings to self-portraits.
With its majestic chandeliers, stained-glass windows, mosaic floors, and oil-painted ceilings, this two-story palace is an architectural gem. Also known as El Kobba El Samaweya, the building houses Alexandria’s iconic Royal Jewelry Museum. Visitors will find over 11,000 pieces of jewelry from the ruling Muhammad Ali Dynasty, as well as a gold chess set, coins, watches, portraits of the royal family, and clocks made of gold. Because of the palace’s gorgeous marble floors, visitors need to wear plastic bags over their footwear when visiting the museum.
We have to admit that Alexandria is not as popular beach destination as Hurghada and Sharm El Sheikh, but there are a few private and well-maintained beaches in the city worth stopping by. Although the beach is private to the on-site Tulip Hotel and its guests, you can pay an entrance fee and spend a few hours here. There are sun loungers and umbrellas available for rent, as well as a restaurant, café, and bathroom facilities.
If you are in the mood for shopping, this large shopping mall in Alexandria is where you want to go later in the afternoon. At San Stefano Grand Plaza, visitors will find all the world-famous brands, as well as numerous local shops and boutiques offering clothes, shoes, jewelry, handbags, and much more. The shopping mall also has a bunch of entertainment facilities such as an on-site cinema, a hotel, and an amusement park for the little ones. There is a food court in case you get hungry.
Alexandria has a subtropical Mediterranean climate with warm summers and mild and rainy winter seasons. The good news is that Alexandria is not as hot and humid in summer as Cairo, so you could easily visit the city from June to September. During this time of year, the temperatures often reach 30°C which makes it ideal for water activities like swimming in the sea and scuba diving. If you wish to explore the city’s cultural attractions and are planning to walk a lot, we definitely recommend visiting Alexandria during the shoulder seasons, in spring (March to May) or fall (September to November). During this time of year, the temperature is pleasant, making it a good time to explore the museum, ruins, and galleries.