THINGS TO DO IN london: 3-DAY ITINERARY

The capital city of England and the UK, London is one of the largest cities in Europe with a long history of legends, tales, ceremonies, royalty, vibrant culture, and rich architecture. The Romans founded the city and named it Londinium in 50 AD.

From the 5th century onwards it passed onto Saxon and Norman rule, becoming the seat of parliament. It was the centre of world trade during the Industrial Revolution and the Underground (the Tube) became the first electrical sub-terrain train in the world.

Explore the old history and new attractions in one of the most diverse and innovative cities.

Day 1

Morning: The London Eye

A bird's eye view of Central London is the best way to begin your trip and discover everything London offers. The London Eye is a giant Ferris wheel on the south bank of the River Thames. Inside one of the glass pods, you can see as far as 25 miles away on a clear day. The ride lasts 30 minutes and you will have spectacular views of Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, the Houses of Parliament, the Shard, the Tower Bridge, and St. Paul's Cathedral.

The London Dungeon

The London Dungeon, inside the County Hall, is next to the London Eye. It is a thrilling immersive experience telling the true tales of the city's gruesome past, during a 90-minute tour led by theatrical actors such as Sweeney Todd, Mrs Lovett, and Jack the Ripper. Be prepared for horror and excitement with 16 live shows, jump scares, two rides, and a Victorian tavern from 1896.

Westminster Bridge

An iconic sight in London is the Westminster Bridge, featured in poems, paintings, and scores of photos with Big Ben in the background. The bridge was opened on Queen Victoria's birthday in 1862 in Gothic design to match the architecture of the House of Commons nearby. It was painted green to match the seats in the House of Commons. Along Westminster Bridge are wonderful views of the river, the Houses of Parliament, the London Eye, and London's skyline. Walk along the bridge to cross the River Thames and make your way to the Palace of Westminster.

Big Ben

Standing proudly on the banks of the River Thames at 316 feet tall, is the world-famous Big Ben. It is little known by its formal name Elizabeth Tower–named after Queen Elizabeth II for HRH's Diamond Jubilee in 2017. Originally, it was simply called the Clock Tower and its construction began in 1843 in Gothic Revival style following the Great Fire, which engulfed and destroyed the old clock tower. Big Ben is the name of the 13.5-tonne giant bell that chimes a beautiful E note on the hour. When the Great Clock was built, it was the most accurate time mechanism in the world. Today, there are 90-minute public tours inside Elizabeth Tower for those over 11 years old, hiking 334 steps, and clock noises so loud that you must wear earplugs.

Palace of Westminster

Surrounding Big Ben is the Palace of Westminster, a grand Gothic-inspired series of parliamentary buildings designed by the Victorian architect Charles Barry. Westminster Hall, the Cloisters and Chapter House of St Stephen's, and the Undercroft Chapel were the only mediaeval structures to survive the Great Fire of 1666, so the new construction required architecture that would integrate seamlessly. Long ago during the Saxon period stood a church on the site of the Palace of Westminster. Since then it became a Benedictine abbey, a royal palace, and finally, in 1042, construction started on the old Westminster Abbey. There are self-guided and guided tours inside the impressive Houses of Parliament.

Westminster Abbey

The Coronation of 40 British kings and queens has occurred in Westminster Abbey since William the Conqueror in 1066. The Abbey started as a church built by Edward the Confessor and later became an abbey in the 12th century. The Gothic architecture, cloisters, gigantic buttresses and columns, and elaborate stained-glass windows are stunning and its rich history has earned its protection as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visit the ancient Coronation Chair, the grand Lady Chapel, the Pyx Chamber, the royal tombs, the Chapter House, the Quire, the Weston Tower, and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries. 90-minute guided tours are available for booking with a verger.

Jewel Tower

An original mediaeval tower dating back to 1360, Jewel Tower stored royal treasure, hence its fine name. It was built within the grounds of the Westminster Abbey royal gardens and once kept a trove of silver plate. Later, the Jewel Tower became an administration vault to store meeting minutes and other documents. When the new Palace of Westminster was constructed, the paper records were moved from Jewel Tower and its new function began as a place to test weights and measures. Take a tour inside to marvel at the ornate 14th-century ceilings and carvings.

Tate Britain

The Tate Britain is a world-famous contemporary art gallery showcasing art pieces by British artists from the 16th century to today. It was established by Sir Henry Tate, a 19th-century sugar merchant who set up the Tate Britain gallery to display his collection of 65 paintings. Tate Britain opened in 1897 and has since expanded with a collection of 70,000 art pieces for the public to enjoy. The most well-known artworks include 'Ophelia' by John Everett Millais, 'A Bigger Splash' by David Hockney, 'Carnation Lily, Lily Rose' by John Singer Sargent, and 'Norham Castle Sunrise' by William Turner.

Day 1, Morning - London Tour Map

Afternoon: Westminster Cathedral

An 18-minute walk from Tate Britain brings you to red-bricked Westminster Cathedral. Characterised by the Byzantine style, with features inspired by the early Basilicas in Rome, the cathedral is young compared to Westminster Abbey. Its construction was completed in 1903. Inside is a skillfully painted 18-foot wooden cross depicting Jesus, which hangs in front of a sanctuary. The arch above the sanctuary is vivid turquoise blue-green with painted apostles and beautiful gold detailing. As you walk around the cathedral you will see over 100 varieties of marble from around the world, an intricate and colourful mosaic by the artist Ivor Davies, and treasures such as a 15th-century statue and a decorated alter cross.

The Royal Mews

Organisers of royal road transport, The Royal Mews are responsible for carrying the British monarchy by car and horse-drawn carriage. It is also the name of Buckingham Palace's royal stables under their care, which were built in 1534 by King Henry VIII and rebuilt in 1825 under King George IV. Visitors can tour the working stables and special carriages including the two-centuries-old Gold Stage Coach.

The King's Gallery

Close to the Royal Mews is the King's Gallery, a collection of portraits, photographs, and paintings of the royal family members over the years. The King's Gallery was once a conservatory for King George III but this was demolished and a chapel was built in its place by Queen Victoria. During the Blitz, the chapel was destroyed and forty years later, it became the site of the Queen's Gallery, which opened in 1962. Its name changed after the coronation of King Charles III. There are changing exhibitions including Holbein at the Tudor Court and Dressing the Georgians. They feature royal gowns, ornaments, furniture, royal armour, sketches, drawings, and short lectures about the pieces. A complimentary audio guide narrates interesting information about each item on display.

Buckingham Palace

The most famous and iconic building in all of London is the official royal residence of the British monarchy, Buckingham Palace. It is named after one of the previous tenants before it became a royal home. In 1698 it was the house of John Sheffield, the Duke of Buckingham. Later in 1762, Buckingham House was bought by King George III for his wife Queen Charlotte. By the 19th century, Buckingham House was transformed into a palace with grand extensions and remodelling. Watch the Changing of the Guard ceremony in front of Buckingham Palace to see the signature men in red uniforms and tall fluffy black hats called bearskin caps. During the summer and select days in winter, tours are bookable for the public to visit the decadent palace state rooms and walk through the gardens.

Spencer House

The descendants of Diana Princess of Wales first developed the Spencer House between 1756 and 1766. The First Lord and Lady Spencer made it their city residence where they hosted parties, and dinners, entertaining royalty, artists, and politicians. However, in 1927 the Spencers moved out, leasing it out for commercial use, even becoming offices, for 50 years. A careful 10-year renovation project was completed in 1990, restoring the house to its former Georgian glory. In 1991 it was officially opened by the Princess of Wales. Today, visitors can book a guided tour of the eight grandly-furnished State Rooms.

St. James's Palace

Another working royal palace is just a few minutes walk from Buckingham Palace. St. James's Palace was built on top of a leper hospital and became the headquarters of the royal court. Today it is used for ceremonies such as royal christenings and baptisms, charity parties, official meetings, and receptions for visiting heads of state. The red-brick palace was built in the 1530s by King Henry VIII. Much of the original structure survives today, especially in the chapel and turrets. You will see the royal guards in a long blue jacket uniform and the eye-catching bearskin cap. On a few select days of the year, there are private tours of the State Rooms. You can also see the Changing of the Guard ceremony.

The Mall

Turn out of St. James's Palace to walk along The Mall (pronounced "mal"), a long and wide boulevard that leads directly from Buckingham Palace to Trafalgar Square. Stopping halfway, you will see a fantastic view of Buckingham Palace framed by the two avenues of trees and Union Jack flags on either side of The Mall. It was designed for King Charles II in 1660 at his request for a grand processional centrepiece for St. James's Park in honour of Queen Victoria. Recently, it has been used for royal processions and ceremonies including weddings, funerals, and Queen Elizabeth's Jubilee. Discover 5,000 acres of royal parkland surrounding The Mall and St. James's Park Lake.

Trafalgar Square

A large plaza named after the Battle of Trafalgar, this public paved square features a gigantic 185-foot Nelson's Column in its centre, a 17-foot statue of Lord Nelson, and two fountains. Trafalgar Square was built in the early 19th century on the site of the old Royal Mews to commemorate the triumph of Lord Horatio Nelson, a British naval commander who died in action at the Cape of Trafalgar in Spain leading Britain to victory against Napoleonic France. Nelson's Column is topped with a bronze sculpture made from the melted cannon of an 18th-century British warship shipwreck.

The National Gallery

Facing Trafalgar Square is an art museum, the National Gallery, founded in 1824. The first collection of 38 paintings hung in the home of John Julius Angerstein, who owned the paintings, and he granted the public access to view them. In 1838 a new building opened to become the National Gallery after humiliation in the press regarding Angerstein's home compared to the gallery of the Louvre. A central location was chosen at Trafalgar Square so that people of all classes could visit the paintings, committing to a free entrance policy. There are now 2,300 works of art from the 13th to the 19th centuries including 'Sunflowers' by Vincent Van Gogh and 'Motherhood' by Pablo Picasso.

The National Portrait Gallery

Home to the biggest collection of portraits in the world, the National Portrait Gallery owns a collection of 220,000 paintings, photos, and artworks of people from the 8th century to the 21st century. The Gallery was conceived in 1846 by the 5th Earl Stanhope, Thomas Babington Macaulay and Thomas Carlyle. The idea was to create a place to display portraits of those most honourably commemorated in British history, particularly heroes of war, politicians, and national leaders. It was founded in 1856 as the British Historical Portrait Gallery with a portrait of Shakespeare as its first work. The building was used as a refuge during the bombings of WWI and was damaged in WWII. Finally, in 1969, the Gallery permitted the display of portraits of living persons including Queen Elizabeth II.

Day 1, afternoon - london Tour Map

Day 2

Morning: The British Museum

The British Museum is the first museum dedicated to all areas of human knowledge. Over eight million permanent items are on display, the largest in the world, discovered and brought back to the museum due to the far-reaching expansion of the British Empire. The museum first opened in 1759 in Montagu House, a 17th-century mansion. By 1823 the mansion was too small for the collection, so it was demolished and the present building in Greek Revival style seen today was built. There are 60 galleries each specialising in a different corner of the world. The most famous pieces include the Rosetta Stone, the Egyptian mummy of Ramses II, and Sutton Hoo, an intact Anglo-Saxon ship found in East Anglia.

St. Paul's Cathedral

Along Cheapside is the Anglican Cathedral of St. Paul with its striking silhouette against the London skyline. The cathedral was founded in 604 AD, however, it became victim to the Great Fire of London in 1666. Christopher Wren was commissioned to build the new St. Paul's in 1668. Historical events have happened here including the execution of the Gunpowder Plotters in 1606, Winston Churchill's funeral, and the royal wedding of Lady Diana Spencer with Prince Charles of Wales. St. Paul's Cathedral is 140 feet taller than Westminster Abbey at 365 feet. Dare to climb to the top as part of a guided tour, which takes 528 steps into the Triforium, past rare texts in the library, and the Trophy Room. Other tours take you around the cathedral floor, the crypt, the Geometric Staircase, and the Quire. Several impressive artworks are worth admiration such as paintings by William Holman Hunt and Hughie O'Donoghue.

Bank of England Museum

The Bank of England Museum sits on top of one of the world's largest stores of gold. In fact, there are 400,000 gold bars in the underground vaults. Find out what this gold is for by touring the museum. The exhibitions tell the story of the Bank of England, how money is made, and how to prevent forgeries of bank notes. In the centre is the Stock Office, a recreation of how the inside of the bank would have looked in the 19th century.

Leadenhall Market

With a history dating back to the 14th century, Leadenhall Market is a Grade II-listed covered market by the renowned architect Sir Horace Jones. The Victorian structure was constructed in 1881 with an ornate stone entrance, cobbled stone floor, wrought iron framing, and glass panels. Beautifully decorated inside, there are shop fronts and columns pained in red and gold, and triangular lanterns hanging from the high ceiling. It is a bustling place to socialise in sophisticated bars and restaurants and shop in the many boutiques.

Tower of London

Set on the north bank of the River Thames is the foreboding Tower of London, a UNESCO World Heritage Site with a history that begins with William the Conqueror. More like a castle, the tower was built in 1070 in anticipation of a rebellion following William the Conqueror's victory in England. The stone and masons came from France. Medieavel kings expanded the tower with additional castle walls, known as curtains. It is a unique fortress defence with a castle, a prison, and a chapel. Since 1485 by the order of King Henry VII, Yeoman Watchers, also known as Beefeaters, have guarded the tower and the crown jewels on public display. Watch them perform the Ceremony of the Keys to open and lock the tower daily. Intriguingly, a ravenmaster takes care of six resident ravens at the tower, to protect the long-held superstition that if the six ravens leave the tower then London will fall. Discover the many legends and tales about the Tower of London by attending a guided tour full of the tower's secrets, ghost stories, and rich history.

Tower Bridge

Close to the Tower of London is Tower Bridge, a much younger addition to London's architecture, yet one of the most iconic and recognisable sights worldwide. The bridge was designed by Sir Horace Jones and opened in 1894 after eight years of construction. It was the most sophisticated bascule bridge – one with a road that splits to allow large ships to pass – that existed when it was completed. Two enormous, elaborate Victorian towers soar on either end, connected by a high-level walkway. The walkway allows safe pedestrian passage overhead while the bridge is raised and in 2014, glass floor panels were installed for a magnificent view below. Visitors can also learn about the cats who worked in the tower as mouse control and see the engine room that powers the bridge.

St. Katharine's Docks

For some tranquillity in the middle of the city, St. Katharine's Docks is a calm oasis on the east side of Tower Bridge, and the only marina in central London. The docks were opened in 1828 and took its name from the St. Katharine's Hospital that once resided on the site. Exotic goods such as rum, sugar, spices, and ivory arrived in the UK through St. Katharine's Docks, once the busiest docks in the country, and a healthy supply of tea – 32,000 tonnes per year. As with a lot of central London, the docks were heavily damaged during the Blitz and redevelopment began in the 1960s. Since the 1990s, St. Katharine's Docks has been a haven for sailors with 185 berths for vessels. Several reputable restaurants serving worldwide cuisine, cafes, retail outlets, and laundry facilities are onsite for those with or without a boat in the marina.

Day 2, morning - london Tour Map

Afternoon: Victoria and Albert Museum

The Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington is better known as the V&A. It houses 2.3 million art and design objects across 5,000 years of human history. The museum building is a piece of magnificent Italian Renaissance architecture, purposefully designed so every inch should be a work of art. Prince Albert had the idea for the V&A. He wanted a museum to showcase the best examples of manufacturing and design with its profits funding a cultural district in South Kensington. He hoped this would improve Britain's arts and sciences education, inspire the public, and push Britain's manufacturing innovation to compete with the international market. The galleries showcase paintings, photographs, prints, metalwork, furniture, sculptures, and designer fashion.

Natural History Museum

Walk next door to the V&A to reach the Natural History Museum. Alfred Waterhouse was commissioned to design the museum in 1873 to look just like a cathedral complete with soaring stained glass windows and animal gargoyles. The Victorian Romanesque revival style adopted for the museum is both spectacular and unexpected. The idea behind a cathedral dedicated to nature was born by Sir Richard Owen, a world-famous naturalist and opposer of Darwin's theory of evolution. The entire structure is crafted from terracotta – an innovative solution to London's smog problem, which turned buildings black in the Victorian period. Marvel at a gigantic blue whale skeleton hanging overhead, a dinosaur gallery with real dinosaur bones from all over the world, preserved mammals, an exhibition of minerals, the skulls of lions that used to live at the Tower of London in the Middle Ages, and an interactive earthquake and volcano experience.

Kensington Palace

Kensington Palace is the official royal residence of the Prince and Princess of Wales, William and Kate. Originally, the palace was a small villa called Nottingham House in the 17th century. King William III and Queen Mary II embellished, elaborated, and extended the property to be worthy of royal occupants following the architectural plans of Sir Christopher Wren. Most famously, Kensington Palace is the birthplace and childhood home of Queen Victoria. The oldest interior part of the palace is open for public tours, away from where the current royal relatives live in apartments. A guide will take you through the State Rooms, the room where Queen Victoria was born, the Jewel Room, and the King and Queen's State Apartments. There is also a shop and a restaurant in the Orangery.

Kensington Gardens

The gardens beside Kensington Palace were once private pleasure grounds for royalty and their guests. They were the creation of Queen Caroline in 1728 on what was once King Henry VIII's hunting parkland. Caroline had the parkland landscaped and refined with formal gardens and instructed the installation of Serpentine Lake. Access for the public to enjoy the green space began in 1841 when they were open only on Saturdays. In the gardens, you will find the Prince Albert memorial set up by Queen Victoria after his premature death, Queen Victoria's Italian Garden gifted to her by Albert, the Sunken Garden, a sculpture of the late Princess Diana, and a bronze sculpture of Peter Pan, in honour of the inspiration J.M. Barrie took from the gardens for his stories.

The Sherlock Holmes Museum

The Sherlock Holmes Museum is the first museum in the world dedicated to the literary character, Detective Sherlock Holmes. Fittingly, the museum's address is at a Georgian house on 221B Baker Street, Sherlock and Dr. Watson's office address in the much-loved fictional books by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Actors in period costumes play the housemaids and butlers to guide visitors around the museum, decorated with authentic Victorian furniture and curiosities. Stand inside Sherlock's study and bedroom, Dr Watson's room, the landlady Mrs Hudson's room, and villain waxworks on the top floor. It's truly a treat for any Sherlock Holmes fan.

The Regent's Park

410 acres of lawns, pristine flowerbeds, a wetland area, a boating lake, Queen Mary's Gardens, sports facilities, a pavilion, a goose grazing pen, and woodland paths make up The Regent's Park. It is one of the royal parks that was previously reserved only for royal use but is now open for all to enjoy. For a long time until the 16th century, it was the site of a monastery called Barking Abbey before King Henry VIII took it to extend his hunting park. The park is named after Prince Regent, otherwise known as King George IV who reigned from the mid-18th to the 19th centuries.

Camden Market

The area of Camden Town was once dedicated to the production of gin. Distilleries were built in underground vaults in the 1870s and the Roundhouse was once a bonded spirits warehouse. Clues such as the street name Juniper Crescent and Gilbey's Yard (one of the first gin distillers in Camden) leave behind the gin story. Today, the gin industry has been forgotten since it came to a stop and the music and arts scene replaced it in the 1970s. Camden Market is one of the largest markets in London and is famed for its 1,000 shops and stalls selling arts and crafts, vintage fashion, paintings, imported cigars, vinyl records, hats, and delicious food and drink.

Primrose Hill

Primrose Hill once belonged to King Henry VIII and then Eton College. It was purchased in 1841 to allow North Londoners better access to parkland and enjoy open-air recreation. In the 17th and 18th centuries, it was a place where duels were fought and men attempted to settle a point of honour using swords or pistols. Primrose Hill is 63 metres high and one of the protected viewpoints in London under the care of Royal Parks. There is a famous oak tree on the slope known as Shakespeare's Tree, planted in 1964 to commemorate Shakespeare's birth. It replaced a tree planted in 1864, dedicated to Shakespeare, but died after many years. Aside from the glorious scenery, there is the Primrose Hill Cafe and children's playground.

Hampstead Heath

A grand expanse of ancient parkland, Hampstead Heath covers 800 acres of meadows, woodland, grassy fields, sandy ridges, swimming ponds, and sports facilities. As with all the parks in London, Hampstead Heath was once part of King Henry VIII's hunting grounds. By the 1800s it was popular with London folk to walk and take in nature away from the dirt and smog in the city. In 1871 it became a public space after many years of effort to protect it from building work as planned by its private estate owner, Lord of the Manor Sir Thomas Maryon Wilson. Once it was secured as a protected space for public enjoyment, Hampstead Heath was promised not to be made prim and formal like its landscaped cousins such as Greenwich Park. Instead, it is noted for its wild appeal. During the world wars, the Heath was used for army training and drills, and the sand was used for sandbags. Today, there are men's and women's swimming ponds, views to take in at the summit of Parliament Hill, the Hampstead Pergola, an open-air swimming pool, the 17th-century Kenwood House, and several museums.

Day 2, afternoon - london Tour Map

Day 3

Morning: Tate Modern

The Tate Modern was opened in 2000 and showcases some of the most influential and notable modern art pieces to shape the contemporary art scene. There are free 45-minute guided tours explaining the 1,500 sculptures, paintings, and artworks by famous modern artists such as Picasso, Dalí, and Warhol. The museum was once an oil-fired power station operating from the 1940s for three decades, now transformed into an impressive piece of architecture. The colossal rooms that housed gigantic generators, turbines, and underground tanks became the perfect space for experimental art and exhibitions.

Shakespeare's Globe

Watch live performances written by Shakespeare and other playwrights such as Ben Johnson and John Fletcher at an open-air circular theatre called The Globe. It is the third Globe in London after the original, built in 1599 and destroyed by a fire that broke out on the thatched roof. The second Globe was shut down by the parliament in 1642. The current Globe was opened in 1997 after years of campaigning. It is built as close to the original used by Shakespeare and his company in the Middle Ages with oak beams, lime-plaster walls, a thatched roof, and a 20-sided polygon structure.

The Clink Prison Museum

Discover the haunting Clink Prison Museum on the Old Bankside with a creepy history as one of England's oldest and infamous jailhouses. Holding unfortunate prisoners from 1144 until 1780, the prison had a gruesome reputation for torturing and hanging prisoners for all manner of sins and transgressions including unpaid debts, assault, trespassing, and publishing the Bible. The old prison was burned to the ground in the 18th century, but the modern-day museum stands on its original site. There are guided tours, ghost hunting, torture devices, wax inmates, and terrifying exhibits.

Guildhall Art Gallery

What stands in its grandeur besides the Guildhall Great Hall is the second Guildhall Art Gallery with fine semi-Gothic architecture. The first Guildhall Art Gallery was opened in 1885 but was almost entirely destroyed in the Blitz bombing during WWII. Eventually, a second gallery was commissioned to permanently display the London-themed 19th-century paintings, watercolours, and sculptures saved from the bombings. It was carefully designed to complement the surrounding beautiful buildings and opened in 1999. The ruins of a Roman amphitheatre were discovered during construction. Explore the Roman ruins and 4,500 artworks at your leisure or join a free guided tour.

The Guildhall Great Hall

The third-largest civil hall in England dates back to 1411, miraculously surviving the Great Fire of London and the Blitz bombings. It is the only non-religious building in London that predates 1666. Admire the grand workmanship inside the Great Hall, with cathedral-like features such as exceptionally high ceilings, stained glass windows, and a medieval crypt. It is the meeting place for the City of London Corporation, the governing body that oversees the City of London borough, and the Court of the Common Council. Find out interesting facts about the history of the Guildhall by booking one of their monthly guided tours.

The Royal Exchange

Visit the first shopping centre opened in the UK in 1571. Today, the Royal Exchange is the go-to shopping destination for luxury brands such as Tiffany & Co., Omega, and Hermés, as well as boutique restaurants and cafes. The Royal Exchange was created by Sir Thomas Gresham in the 16th century as a trading stocks centre. To maximise income, Sir Thomas created two floors above the stock exchange for retail businesses. The Pantheon-style building you see standing is the third Royal Exchange opened in 1844, as sadly the first two were destroyed by fire. Trading stocks in the building last occurred in the 1980s, but after a remodelling project, it was completely dedicated to designer retailers and eateries.

Horizon 22

Stop by Horizon 22 for unbeatable views of central London. It is a free observation point on the 23rd floor of the tallest building in London – 22 Bishopsgate. Some tickets include a glass of Champagne if you would like to make the occasion extra special. The viewing platform boasts 300-degree unspoiled views over Canary Wharf, the London Eye, Battersea Power Station, and the River Thames.

Monument

A gigantic white stone pillar called the Monument looms between the buildings on Fish Street Hill. It was impressively put together in 1677 by the design of Sir Christopher Wren and Dr Robert Hooke to commemorate the Great Fire of London 11 years prior. The Great Fire of 1666 first broke out in a bakery close to where the Monument now lies. More than 80% of London was burned to the ground over four days of unstoppable flames. These were the days before a fire brigade existed and London's buildings were made of timber and plaster. Following the fire, buildings were reconstructed in stone and the roads were widened. A secret of the 212-foot Monument is the spiral staircase of 311 steps hidden within its walls. At the top is a viewing platform to take in the city below.

Day 3, morning - london Tour Map

Afternoon: Up at the O2

Those of a brave and adventurous spirit will love the exhilarating climb 52 metres up to the top of the O2 Arena. A world-famous live music and entertainment venue in Greenwich beside the River Thames was originally built as the Millennium Dome in 2000. It offered exhibitions and events to celebrate the third millennium. Choose from several climbing tickets such as an afternoon tea climb to enjoy sandwiches and cakes at the summit, a sunset climb to marvel at the orange sky, and a celebration climb to sip Champagne at the top of the dome.

The Cutty Sark

Avid tea drinkers, boating fans, and history enthusiasts are the perfect audience for the Cutty Sark. On display in Greenwich, the 212-foot-long Cutty Sark is a Victorian clipper tea ship built for impressive speed while ferrying a heavy cargo of precious tea from China to the UK. Under the care of Royal Museums Greenwich, the famous ship was repaired and is regularly maintained as a piece of history to cherish. All areas below deck, at the helm, beneath the ship's hull, and even climbing the 153-foot mast and rigging are open to the public. The Cutty Sark was built in Scotland in 1869 and had a Scottish crew and captain who journeyed from London to Shanghai on its first long voyage. The ship spent 10 years carrying tea until the steamboats took over this mission. From 1877 onwards, the Cutty Sark carried Australian wool before the ship was sold to Portugal and finally made its way back home to London.

Old Royal Navy College

A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Old Royal Navy College was once a Tudor palace and the birthplace of King Henry VIII. 600 years ago, the site started as both a Royal Hospital and Royal Navy College known as Greenwich Palace beside the River Thames. Esteemed architect Sir Christopher Wren was commissioned to create a Royal Hospital for Seamen who served in the Royal Navy by order of Queen Mary II in 1696. Retired and injured sailors who suffered a very low income were allowed to live in the hospital, which served as an almshouse providing lodgings, food, and work as porters or cook's mates. From 1873 until 1997 the site stopped serving as an almshouse and became the best naval college in Europe. While visiting the college, take a tour of the Chapel and its Painted Hall with artwork by Sir James Thornhill, explore inside the rafters of the Chapel dome and take in the magnificent London views, and watch the Sea Cadets National Band.

National Maritime Museum

Another fascinating historic site under the care of the Royal Museums Greenwich is the National Maritime Museum. It is the largest museum of maritime history and art, particularly focused on the British at sea, as well as permanent exhibitions about the Titanic and sailing the Arctic and the Pacific Islands. There are over two million maritime artefacts such as artwork from British and Dutch painters, ship models, navigational instruments, maps, manuscripts, real Fiji canoes, and Nelson's jacket from the Battle of Trafalgar. Don't miss out on a guided tour and gallery talks to bring the history to life. A library with over 100,000 books uncovers the events that happened during the Royal Navy, shipwrecks, pirate encounters, and the world wars.

Queen's House

If you wondered why the Old Royal Navy College is split into two buildings with a wide avenue between them, it is because of the Queen's House just behind. The Queen's House was given to Anne of Denmark, the wife of King James I, in 1613 as a house of delights. Later, when the building of the Old Royal Navy College was being planned by Sir Christopher Wren, Queen Mary II instructed that it should not obstruct the Queen's House view of the River Thames. The Queen's House was used as a pleasure ground and inside there are beautiful artworks, sculptures, and paintings. It was used as a royal residence, a Government office, an artist's studio, a temporary Royal Observatory, and the home of the Royal Jeweller. The white villa is now a museum open for all to admire a world-class art collection and part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Greenwich Park

One of the Royal Parks of London is Greenwich Park, once the private parkland owned and used by British royalty. King Henry VIII was fond of Greenwich Park as one of his hunting grounds and eventually in the 19th century, Greenwich Park was opened to the public along with all the other royal parks in London. Notice Greenwich Park's 17th-century landscaping designed by André Le Nôtre, covering 183 acres, featuring a central tree-lined avenue and sweeping, unobstructed views all the way to the Queen's House, the Old Royal Navy College, and the River Thames. The parkland feels like a countryside escape from the city. In the northeast corner of Greenwich Park is a high hill with a splendid vista point named One Tree Hill. In the southeast corner is the Wilderness Deer Park, London's oldest deer park with red deer as residents since the 1500s. Greenwich Park boasts a beautiful Edwardian flower garden, a 400-metre herbaceous border, a rose garden, a herb garden, and the Queen's Orchard. From Easter until October, there are boats to hire on the Boating Pond.

Royal Observatory Greenwich

In 1674, King Charles II ordered a Royal Commission to study astronomy, navigation, and cartography to solve the problem of how to measure longitude. Britain's Royal Navy and exploration of the unknown world by sea were going strong, and the Royal Observatory would help to expand sea navigation further, as advised by Sir Christopher Wren, also known as "Britain's Leonardo De Vinci." Sir Christopher designed the Observatory, which was opened in 1676 on the site of the old Greenwich Castle. It was used for 300 years to plot the stars and develop accurate clocks. The Royal Observatory moved location to Herstmonceaux Castle after WWII and the Greenwich site became a public museum. At the Greenwich Observatory, you can see the Prime Meridian at Longitude 0° 0' 0'', where the East meets the West, state-of-the-art galleries, and the only Planetarium in London.

Day 3, afternoon - london Tour Map

Day trips from London

• Warner Bros Studio Tour: Authentic sets from the Harry Potter series next to a working filming studio in Leavesden, an hour's drive from London. Thousands of wonderfully-made props, artefacts, and costumes from the films are on display for fans to enjoy. Visitors can explore the Forbidden Forest, climb onto the Hogwarts Express from Platform 9 ¾, and walk through Diagon Alley.

• Kew Gardens: A UNESCO World Heritage Site famed for housing the world's largest and most diverse botanical collection of trees, flowers, and plants in the biggest Victorian glasshouse. There is also a palm house with an indoor rainforest, a lake, a giant waterlily pond, a Mediterranean garden, a rose garden, the Great Pagoda Japanese structure with a viewing platform, and plenty of woodland walks.

• Brighton Beach: Head south for an hour and a half by car or train from London to experience the English seaside. Brighton Beach is a shingle and sandy shoreline featuring a restored Victorian pier with arcade games and rides, the Brighton i360 viewing tower, and a heated outdoor swimming pool.

• Hever Castle and Gardens: A 14th-century romantic castle an hour's drive south from London in Kent. It was the home of Anne Boelyn's family and visitors can now wander through the panelled rooms set with antique furniture and tapestries. The surrounding gardens span 125 acres with mazes, a boating lake, miniature model houses, and a military museum.

• Windsor Castle: A royal residence to 39 monarchs it is the oldest and largest occupied royal castle worldwide. In West London near Slough, Windsor Castle was built in 1070 by William the Conqueror after the Norman Conquest. Explore finely decorated and elaborate staterooms, ceremonial state apartments, St. George's Chapel, the Crimson Drawing Room, and the intricate Queen Mary's Doll's House handmade in 1924.

• Oxford: For incredible Gothic architecture, one of the world's oldest universities, botanical gardens, museums, canals, punting boats, and Harry Potter filming locations, take a day trip to this city. It is an hour by train or an hour and a half by car west of London.

• Cambridge: A charming and historic city beside the River Cam just an hour's train ride north of London. Ancient universities and colleges date back to the 13th century, and cobbled streets, punting boats along the scenic river, and British pubs add to the charm.

• The Cotswolds: A two-hour drive or an hour train ride from London takes you to the Cotswolds – the UK's largest Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). There are rolling hills, forests, farmland, picturesque Medieval villages, meadows, and castles across 800 square miles of countryside.

Other things to do in London

• Madame Tussauds: Near the Sherlock Holmes Museum in Central London is the world-famous wax museum of well-known celebrities. It was originally the Chamber of Horrors, opened by the French wax artist Marie Tussaud in 1835. There are three floors and over 150 wax sculptures.

• River Thames Cruise: See London sights such as London Bridge, the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, the London Eye, Tower Bridge, and the Tower of London from the comfort of a river cruise boat. All sightseeing boats offer an onboard bar for refreshments and some more luxurious cruises offer delicious lunch or dinner.

• Richmond Park: A historical parkland covering 2,360 acres in southwest London and the largest Royal Park. It belonged to royalty for farmlands, pastures, and hunting between the 13th and 18th centuries. Red deer still live in the park since they were introduced in 1625. There are ponds, streams, trails, viewpoints, and a Victorian garden.

• Hampton Court Palace: A royal palace in southwest London near Wimbledon and Teddington. It was built in the baroque style by Sir Christopher Wren, a renowned British architect. The palace was home to King Henry VIII who made it into an extravagant Tudor leisure complex with tennis courts, a theatre, a maze, banquets, expensive art, and 60 acres of gardens.

• Wembley Stadium: The biggest football stadium in the UK with 90,000 seats. It hosts the home games for the England national football team during the FA Cup and live music concerts. The stadium was used as a venue during the 2012 London Olympics. Take a tour of the dressing rooms, players' tunnel, and the Royal Box.

• Wimbledon: Home of the Wimbledon Championships, the oldest tennis tournament in the world held every year in June and July. Purchase tickets to watch the games from the All England Lawn Tennis Club courtside or from the large-screen TVs within the grounds. There is also a Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum, a shop, and tours of the tennis club.

• Sky Garden: London's highest garden at the top of the Fenchurch Building, also known as the Walkie-Talkie, on the 43rd floor. A city jungle of Mediterranean and South African trees and plants such as the African Lily, Bird of Paradise, and towering palms frame the spectacular view of the city below.

• The West End: There are 39 world-class theatres within London's West End. The oldest theatre is the Theatre Royal Drury Lane, which opened in 1663. Watch comedies at the Apollo, plays such as Les Misérables at the Queen's Theatre, variety shows at the London Palladium, and star-studded musicals at the Playhouse Theatre.

• Afternoon Tea: The invention of the Duchess of Bedford, British afternoon tea originated in 1840. Dig into sumptuous finger sandwiches, mini desserts, pastries, and fragrant tea at The Ritz London, The Savoy, The Lanesborough, Claridge's, or The Goring. For a more affordable option, try The British Museum, the National Gallery, Ivy Tower Bridge, or the Dulwich Picture Gallery.

• The Royal Ballet and Opera: Formerly known as the Royal Opera House, it is the home of the Royal Opera, the Royal Ballet, and the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House. Following terrible fires, the current building is the third opera house on this site in Covent Garden and the third largest in London.

• Soho: A fashionable and lively bohemian, eclectic, and hipster area in Westminster, Soho stands for South of Horton. There are unique shops and restaurants to visit during the day, and popular bars, theatres, and live music venues for the evening.

• Chinatown: Bordering Soho in the district of Westminster, Chinatown emerged in London in the 1950s. There are more than 70 authentic East Asian restaurants as well as over 50 shops, beauty salons, bubble tea cafes, bakeries, Chinese monuments and hundreds of red Chinese lanterns above the streets.

• Harrods: A world-famous luxury department store in Knightsbridge founded in 1849 by Charles Henry Harrod. It's the perfect destination for high-end and designer shopping with 3,000 esteemed brands across seven floors. There is also a hair and beauty salon, a flower shop, a bookshop, and a luxury food hall including 20 restaurants and cafes.

Things to do with kids in London

• London Zoo: Within The Regent's Park lies the world's oldest scientific zoo with furry residents such as giraffes, lions, monkeys, camels, bushbabies, Galapagos tortoises, and penguins. A playground provides climbing fun for kids to burn extra energy.

• Sea Life London Aquarium: Near the London Eye and the London Dungeon is the Sea Life Aquarium. It has the UK's largest living coral collection, sharks, rays, turtles, jellyfish, otters, penguins, and piranhas. Children will love the rock pools, the ocean tunnel, and the rainforest adventure area.

• Shrek's Adventure: Also next to the London Eye is the interactive Shrek's Adventure based on the animated family film. Soar through the sky on Donkey's 4D Magic Flying Bus, explore Shrek's swamp home, and climb into Lord Farquaad's dungeon. There's also the Mirror Maze of Insanity, the Muffin Man's bakery, and Puss in Boots in the Poison Apple Pub.

• The Paddington Bear Experience: An immersive experience into the Paddington Bear story, taking you aboard a train at Paddington Station to reach No. 32 Windsor Gardens, the Brown family home shared with Paddington. You'll even visit Paddington's homeland in South America by trekking through the jungles of Peru.

• Paulton's Park: A family theme park in Hampshire, where kids and adults can enjoy over 70 rides. Little ones will adore Peppa Pig World where they can meet the pink cartoon character in real life. There are rollercoasters, a water park, indoor and outdoor play areas, gardens, animal encounters, and a dinosaur show.

• London Transport Museum: A family-friendly museum in Covent Garden that tells the story of London's transport system, including the history of the London Underground. Take an exclusive guided tour of long-abandoned tube stations and underground war shelters. See vintage buses, and transport posters, and learn how the Victorians got around.

• The Science Museum: Founded in 1857, the Science Museum is free and offers a wonderful array of interactive exhibitions, family trails, object galleries, and kid's workshops. Discover stories from science fiction, chemistry, transport, space, medicine, maths, and gaming.

• Imperial War Museum: An impressive museum in Lambeth packed full of well-designed galleries. Learn about the First and Second World Wars, see real fighter aircraft and tanks up close, create art in the Dazzle Design Studio, and attend family days.

• The Postal Museum and Mail Rail: The world of the British postal system is at the Postal Museum with fun permanent and temporary exhibitions, an indoor soft play area, historical postal carriages, and objects from the past. Hop on board the underground Mail Rail – a 100-year-old tube invented to help postal workers deliver mail around London.

• HMS Belfast: A type-26 Frigat and Royal Navy combat ship used in WWII. It is now moored on the River Thames for the public to visit as part of the Imperial War Museum. Explore the rooms across nine decks along a family trail, see amazing views from the top deck, sit in the Captain's chair, and hear eyewitness accounts from war veterans.

• Hamleys: The famous Hamleys toyshop on Regent Street was founded by William Hamley in 1760. It holds the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest toy shop in the world. It has been at its current location since 1881 and holds a royal warrant as an official supplier of toys to the royal family. There are incredible seasonal window displays, toy demonstrations, magic tricks, and toy shop tours.

• Hyde Park Winter Wonderland: Families need to visit the festive winter wonderland extravaganza in Hyde Park. The seasonal attraction is open from mid-November to early January. Skate on the UK's largest outdoor ice rink, be amazed at 500 tonnes of ice sculptures in the Magical Ice Kingdom, try the Après-ski Party Funhouse, enjoy rides at a fairground with a traditional carousel, and browse the Christmas markets.

Monopoly Lifesized

While in London, why not try the Monopoly game but bigger and against other teams? The official Monopoly Lifesized experience lets you complete escape room challenges, buy houses, pass 'Go,' and find yourself in jail. There are four boards to choose from – Luxury, Classic, Classic Own It All, and City. Actors lead you around the game and help you have a memorable time inside the board game. Dine in the Top Hat Bar and Restaurant to finish your Monopoly adventure.

Racecourses in London

• Epsom Downs Racecourse: The racecourse at Epsom was established in the 17th century. It hosts the prestigious annual Epsom Derby, one of the most well-regarded horse races in the world. The first recorded race was in 1661 on the Downs, which refers to the hilly chalk upland in Epsom.

• Ascot Racecourse: Founded in 1711 by royalty, Ascot has a close relationship with the royal family. Queen Anne started the racecourse and it has been in ownership of the Crown since then. It is 25 miles west of London and 6 miles from the royal Windsor Castle.

• Kempton Park Racecourse: Located in Surrey, Kempton Park is the closest racecourse to Central London, 13 miles west, and home to the King George VI Chase. The first race was held in 1878, although it soon became an important area during the world wars. In WWI, it was a military transit depot and in WWII it held prisoners of war. The racecourse had full renovations after the wars to bring it to racing standards.

• Sandown Park Racecourse: A racecourse in Esher, Surrey, with a long history that began in 1875. It was one of the first racecourses to charge visitors for attending the races. Each year it hosts five Grade One national hunt races and one Group One flat race.

• Royal Windsor Racecourse: Not to be confused with Ascot, the Royal Windsor Racecourse also sits in the borough of Windsor. Unlike Ascot, this racecourse is not owned by the royal family. It opened in 1866 and is one of two figure-of-eight courses in the country.

Golf courses in London

• Sunningdale Golf Club: Both the New and Old golf courses at Sunningdale are reputed as two of the best places to play golf in England. Set in Ascot, Surrey, the courses are surrounded by abundant heather, golden grass, and towering woodland. The Surrey and Berkshire sandbelt is considered excellent heathland turf for play.

• Swinley Forest Golf Club: Another prestigious golf club that also lies in Ascot. It is known for its unassuming and modest ambience for those who aren't charmed by high-glamour golf clubs. Swinley Forest is a sanctuary and the course is made as a masterpiece of design with majestic views of heather, mature pines, and manicured fairways.

• St. George's Hill Golf Club: Located at Weybridge in Surrey is a stunning heathland golf course noted for its hilly landscape. The clubhouse is an impressive piece of architecture standing as a grand castle overlooking the course. It ranks as a top-rated golf course near London.

• New Zealand Golf Club: Another excellent course in Surrey, one of the best places to play golf in England. New Zealand Golf Club was founded in 1895 and is a great choice for smaller crowds and a shorter game. It is a pleasant, stylish course encircled by trees to create an intimate environment.

• Walton Heath: The Old and New courses are laid out in Tadworth and are the only golf courses that had a reigning monarch as its club captain. King Edward VIII spent a year as captain in 1935 while King George VI and Winston Churchill were also members. It is reputed as a course that feels like a seaside links and masses of pretty purple heather.

Where to eat in London

• Sketch, The Lecture Room and Library: An 18th-century house of fun describes the three-Michelin star restaurant Sketch. Sitting in Mayfair, it is a quirky, magical, bizarre, and beautiful Mad-Hatter luxury dining experience that will be difficult to forget. If the sensational food doesn't impress you, then the futuristic egg-shaped pod toilets will.

• A. Wong: Not far from Westminster is Andrew Wong's restaurant for those longing for a sophisticated Chinese evening menu. It has earned two Michelin stars for its complex flavour combinations and creative versions of regional dishes in its 10-course "Taste of China" menu. Drinks are served from the Forbidden City Bar.

• Locanda Locatelli: An exceptional Italian restaurant in Marylebone with imaginative Michelin-star cuisine. The chic setting and padded table booths make the dining experience cosy and intimate. Fresh homemade pasta is on the menu alongside kid goat ragù and roast monkfish.

• Evernight: Close to the Thames riverbank is the respected yet lowkey Japanese izakaya restaurant in Wandsworth. Try the toro futomaki, beef tongue skewers, juicy pork belly with red pepper and plums, and buttery Wagyu Sirloin steak.

• The Barbary: Tucked away in Bloomsbury is a North African restaurant that will delight. Fresh octopus, aubergines, halloumi, lamb, and duck are flame-grilled or roasted in a tandoor clay oven, authentic to the Mediterranean and the Middle East.

• The George Inn: An old pub dating back to 1755, the George Inn offers a proper British pub experience. It is London's last surviving galleried coaching inn with timber balconies and stables as was the style before WWI and WWII. Inside, you can expect wooden panelling, creaky wooden stairs, timber beams, and cosy nooks.

• Ye Olde Cheshire Cheese Pub and Chop House: A Grade II-listed public house at 145 Fleet Street offering the best cuts of meat, steak and kidney pie, and beer from oak casks in the cellar. The pub dates back to 1538 but the building was constructed again in 1667 after the Great Fire of London.

Rooftop Bars in London

• Sky Garden: There are two bars and two restaurants at the Sky Garden on the 43rd floor of the Walkie Talkie (20 Fenchurch Street). It is a three-storey glass dome designed in 2004 by world-renowned Uruguayan architect Rafael Viñoly.

• Coq D'Argent: An esteemed French restaurant in London's Bank district featuring a stunning rooftop garden complete with a manicured lawn and trimmed hedges. Sip on Champagne while gazing at gorgeous views of the Gherkin, the Shard, and the Walkie-Talkie.

• Madison: The modern restaurant at New Change boasts a spectacular rooftop bar and tapas dining on the 6th floor overlooking St. Paul's Cathedral. There is a large terrace with live music throughout the week from talented musicians and a live DJ set.

• The Garden at 120: A public rooftop garden that is free to access on the 15th floor of 120 Fenchurch Street. The garden has a spacious terrace, seating benches, a water feature, and pergolas decked with lush climbing vines, hedges, wildflowers, and grassy planting. It is less formal than other restaurant rooftop bars and offers a casual and laidback atmosphere.

Where to stay in London

• The Savoy (5 stars): An iconic luxury hotel near Covent Garden between London's famous landmarks and steps away from the River Thames. The 267 bedrooms are lavish and opulent in Art Deco or Edwardian style. There is a world-renowned butler service, an onsite designer jewellery shop, and spa facilities including a swimming pool.

• Shangri-La The Shard (5 stars): London's highest infinity pool and 202 sumptuous bedrooms lie on the top 18 floors of the Shard for uninterrupted views of Central London. The hotel also offers a complimentary shuttle service for guests to be driven to Oxford Street. Expect in-room spa treatments, a butler service, and a car rental service.

• The Resident Kensington (4 stars): A cosy and traditional hotel stay awaits within an Edwardian townhouse in Kensington and Chelsea. Choose from 65 elegant bedrooms classically decorated with deluxe rooms featuring a mini kitchen. Request groceries in your fridge or champagne for the evening.

• The Clermont London Charing Cross (4 stars): 94 refined and spacious bedrooms offer a delightful stay in a 19th-century Victorian hotel. It lies next to Charing Cross Station and was first constructed as a railway hotel. There are antique curiosities such as a red telephone box near reception, Victorian drawings and photographs of the hotel, and the original grand staircase.

• Zedwell Piccadilly Circus (3 stars): A more affordable stay next to Piccadilly Circus with modern and minimal interior design. Exceedingly simple 722 unfussed pod bedrooms called cocoons are a great option for those who don't want all the frills and bows. Guests can enjoy an onsite gym, complimentary toiletries, and free Wi-Fi.

The best time to visit London

• Spring and Summer: Spring is a cooler yet wetter time to visit London. Fewer tourist crowds make it easy to stop by all the attractions you'd like to see without huge queues. That being said, London is an extremely busy and bustling city full of commotion, especially on the weekends. Summer is the warmest time of the year and is ideal for appreciating the skyline free from rain and grey clouds.

• Autumn and Winter: Like spring, autumn is a great time to beat the crowds. In winter, there are impressive Christmas markets and festivities to enjoy. These months are colder and wetter, so make sure to pack an umbrella, waterproof jacket, and warm clothes.

London Festivals

• Notting Hill Carnival: A three-day celebration of the Caribbean culture with parades, street food, live steel band music, and glittering masquerade costumes. It's an annual festival every August on the streets of Notting Hill started by the local Caribbean community in the 1960s.

• The Proms: Often recognised as the world's greatest classical music festival is the Henry Wood Promenade Concerts, known today as the BBC Proms. It began in 1895 and is still held every year in the Royal Albert Hall during August.

• Bonfire Night: Also known as Guy Fawkes Night as a national commemoration of the failed Gunpowder Plot to blow up the Houses of Parliament in 1605. It is held on 5 November with great fireworks displays around the country. London hosts a colourful firework display at Alexandra Palace, Wimbledon Park, Moredon Park, and Chiswick Park.

• Trooping the Colour: An annual event in June to celebrate the official birthday of the British monarch. Royal soldiers, horsemen, and military bands take part in the ceremony, which involves a parade along The Mall and marching a regimental colour (a flag) down the ranks of soldiers. It finishes with a Royal Air Force display, that flies past Buckingham Palace.

• British Summer Time (BST) Hyde Park: For three weeks between the end of June and early July every year there are live music concerts in Hyde Park. Globally successful rock 'n' roll, K-pop, indie, and country musicians head the stage. There are also tasty food and drink stalls to peruse.

• Classic Boat Festival: Every September there is a boating extravaganza at St. Katharine's Docks, the only marina in central London. More than 40 vessels will be berthed in the marina from preserved 1940s Dunkirk little ships used in WWII, to working boats, tug boats, and a Royal Navy P2000.